The role of Criminal Law

 Penalties of breaching laws

Health and safety act 1974

  • Unlimited fine
  • Up to 5 years in prison
  • company director can be "disqualified" for up to 15 years

Computer misuse act 1990

  • Unauthorized access: Up to two years in prison for unauthorized access to a computer
  • Unauthorized access with intent: Up to five years in prison for unauthorized access with the intent to commit another crime
  • Unauthorized acts to impair computer operation: Up to ten years in prison for unauthorized acts that impair or risk impairing a computer's operation
  • Unauthorized acts causing serious damage: Up to 14 years in prison, or life in prison if the offense caused significant damage to national security or human welfare
  • Making, supplying, or obtaining articles for use in offenses: Up to two years in prison

Waste electrical and Electronic equipment directive 2012

  • Unlimited fines
  • business operating license revoked

Test yo-self
  • Fines and Imprisonment can be given as penalties under the DPA/GDPR
  • the maximum penalty for infringement of the CD&PA in the magistrate's court is £5,000
  • The DEA covers ownership of 
  • the Human Rights Act 1998 and Equality act 2010 protect civil liberties
  • A person's civil liberties can be infringed when a government or authority restricts their freedoms in a way that is deemed necessary to protect national security, public safety, or the rights of others, usually only when such restrictions are proportionate and legally justified, like in cases of preventing the spread of infectious diseases, detaining suspects with reasonable suspicion of a crime, or limiting speech that incites violence. 

International Criminal law

  • International laws cover crimes committed outside the UK.​
  • A crime carried out in a country will be subject to the laws of that country.​
  • Cross Border cooperation between security services ensures that extraditions can take place, for persons who committed crimes outside the UK and are currently living in the UK.​
  • For example, works protected under the CD&PA are also protected under the Berne and Trade related Aspects of Intellectual property rights(TRIPS)
Test yo-self
  • The ISO owns an excess of 160 national standards bodies
  • the ISO/IEC 27001 standard category is focused on the safety of information assets
  • 2 of the guiding principles of the IETF (internet engineering task force) are 1. technical competence, and 2. having an open process
  • the main focus of the IETF is maintaining the internet smoothly, and the evolution of its architecture
  • The IETF identifies and then categorises errors into technical and editorial errors
  • TIA-598-C relates to fibre optic colour coding
  • TIA ethernet cabling quality standards naming follows the simple rule of higher quality = higher number eg CAT4 < CAT6
  • the BSI provides standards to information management etc
  • Kitemark marks can be found when safety is important, such as in smoke alarms or services such as electrical installations

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