homework due 3/2/25

 Instructions:
Evaluate the pros and cons in Agile and Waterfall project management in terms of planning and the execution of projects and collaboration among project team members.

Planning

Agile

  • Pros: Agile allows much flexibility and iterative planning. It allows teams to change requirements even in the process of the project. This is excellent to be used on projects whose requirements are not clear or possibly change throughout.
  • Cons: Since it is iterative, there is no upfront detailed plan for Agile; hence correct estimate preparation regarding budget, timelines, resources, etc.

Waterfall

  • Advantages: Waterfall follows a structured, sequential approach. This ensures thorough upfront planning, clear objectives, and well-defined deliverables. This makes it easier to predict timelines and costs.
  • Disadvantages: The rigid structure makes changes difficult and costly. If requirements shift mid-project, major rework may be necessary, leading to delays and increased costs.

Implementation

Agile

  • Benefits: Agile projects are performed in sprints, providing continuous development, testing, and feedback. This keeps the project finding problems early and reducing risk. The disadvantages are that there is no fixed end goal, leading to scope creep. It continuously expands, affecting time and budget. It requires a high level of stakeholder engagement, which is not always possible.

Waterfall

  • Advantages: Since every phase has to be finished and complete before a project proceeds, Waterfall is structured and predictable. It will work best when the requirements of the project are clear and not subject to changing, like building or manufacturing projects.
  • Disadvantages: This linear process renders it hard for feedback incorporation if a phase has been completed. Testing happens toward the end stages of the project, hence risking the discovery of major issues in the final moments.

Collaboration

Agile

  • Pros: Agile allows for continuous communication and collaboration between cross-functional teams. The stand-up meetings and feedback loops increase team alignment and responsiveness.
  • Cons: Agile demands strong coordination, which might be challenging for big, distributed teams. If there is not well-organized activity, it leads to communication gaps.

Waterfall

  • Pros: Roles and responsibilities are clearly stated for structured collaboration. Each member knows their tasks, hence there is no confusion.
  • Cons: There is limited interaction between teams in execution, causing misalignment. Communication is usually formal and document-driven, slowing down problem-solving.

Conclusion

Agile is best suited for projects which are dynamic, fast-changing in nature, requiring incremental improvement, and team collaboration. Waterfall is best suited when the requirements of a project are well-defined, and structured execution with predictability is important. The selection depends on the nature, complexity, and flexibility requirements of the project.

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